Methylene Blue
Redox Balance, and Cellular Energy Methylene Blue (MB), chemically known as methylthioninium chloride, is a well-characterized phenothiazine compound with a long history of use in biochemical and cellular research. In modern laboratory settings, it is primarily studied for its unique role in mitochondrial bioenergetics, redox cycling, and oxidative stress regulation. Unlike many experimental compounds that […]
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential water-soluble vitamin that plays critical roles in red blood cell formation, nerve function, DNA synthesis, and energy metabolism. The body cannot produce B12 on its own and must obtain it from diet or supplementation. B12 deficiency is more common than many realize, affecting an estimated 1.5 to 15% of […]
SS-31 (Elamipretide)
SS-31 is a synthetic tetrapeptide that targets the inner mitochondrial membrane. Its technical name is elamipretide, and it was developed by Dr. Hazel Szeto at Weill Cornell Medical College. The peptide binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid found almost exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it plays a critical role in energy production. Think of […]
NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide)
The NAD+ Precursor for Cellular Energy and Longevity Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a naturally occurring nucleotide derived from ribose, nicotinamide, and a phosphate group. It serves as one of the most direct biosynthetic precursors to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a coenzyme found in every living cell and essential for hundreds of metabolic reactions. NAD+ is […]
L-Carnitine
L-Carnitine (3-hydroxy-4-N-trimethylaminobutyrate) is a naturally occurring amino acid derivative that plays a critical role in cellular energy metabolism. Its primary biological function is the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane, where they undergo beta-oxidation to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The body synthesizes L- Carnitine endogenously in the liver and kidneys from […]
Humanin
Humanin is a mitochondria-derived micro-peptide composed of 24 amino acids, encoded within a short open reading frame (sORF) of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene (MT-RNR2). Unlike most peptides studied in cellular biology, Humanin is not nuclear-encoded, placing it in a distinct and emerging class of signaling molecules known as mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs). Humanin was […]
BHB (Beta-Hydroxybutyrate)
Clean Ketone Energy You Can Use Even Without Keto Most “energy” products lean on stimulants. They spike you up, then drop you. goBHB® is different: it delivers beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB)—the same primary ketone your body naturally makes during fasting or low-carb dieting—so you can tap into a clean, efficient fuel source without needing to be in […]
Baking Soda (Sodium Bicarbonate)
Inflammation Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃)—commonly known as baking soda—represents one of the most extensively studied and cost-effective ergogenic aids in exercise physiology. Unlike many performance supplements with marginal or inconsistent effects, sodium bicarbonate has demonstrated reproducible benefits in controlled trials, particularly for high-intensity exercise lasting 30 seconds to approximately 7 minutes. This article examines the physiological […]
NAD+
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a molecule found in every cell of your body that plays a central role in energy production, DNA repair, and cellular health. Think of it as the currency your cells use to convert food into usable energy and to keep your cellular machinery running smoothly. NAD+ is essential for hundreds […]
MOTS-c
MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA-c) is a naturally occurring 16-amino acid peptide encoded directly in your mitochondrial DNA. Unlike most therapeutic peptides which are synthetic versions of hormones or signaling molecules, MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) that your body produces naturally in response to metabolic stress and physical exercise. Discovered in 2015 […]